List of Australian plants termed "native"

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This is a list of Australian plants which have had a common name prefixed with the adjective "native".

Early European settlers in Australia were confronted with a large variety of unaccustomed animals and plants, and in many cases gave them familiar names qualified with the adjective "native", based on some fancied resemblance, so what is now a koala was called a "native bear" and the dingo a "native dog". [1] Many of these terms are of historic interest only.

NameOld binomial name [lower-alpha 1] Modern synonymNotes
Native apple
→ Apple berry Billardiera scandens bush food
→ Black appleAchras australis Pouteria australis or
Planchonella australis
brush apple, wild plum
→ Emu apple Owenia acidula mooley apple
→ Logan appleAcronychia acidia Acronychia imperforata Fraser Island apple
→ Mulga apple Acacia aneura the "apple" is an edible insect gall
→ Oak apple Casuarina stricta Allocasuarina verticillata young cones may be chewed
→ Rose appleOwenia cerasifera Owenia acidula var.sweet plum
Native arbutus Gaultheria hispida snowberry, chucky chucky; edible
Native banana Musa banksii
Musa hillii
Musa fitzalani
Musa banksii varieties ?
Native banyan Ficus rubiginosa rusty fig, Port Jackson fig
Native beech Callicoma serratifolia black wattle, wild quince
Native blackberry Rubus moluccanus
Rubus parvifolius
Rubus rosifolius
Molucca bramble
Japanese bramble
Mauritius raspberry
Native boragePollichia zeylanica Trichodesma zeylanicum Northern bluebell, camel bush, horse bush
Native box Bursaria spinosa boxthorn, native olive
Native breadPolyporus mylitta Laccocephalum mylittae edible, though not tasty, fungus
Native broom Viminaria denudata
Native burnetAcaena ovina Acaena agnipola
x Acaena echinata [2]
Australian Sheep's Burr
Native cabbageNasturtium palustre Rorippa palustris not endemic to Australia
Native carrotDaucus brachiatus Daucus glochidiatus not endemic to Australia
Native cascarilla Croton verreauxii green native cascarilla
Native celery Apium australe
Apium prostratum
not endemic to Australia
Tasmanian species
Native centauryErythraea australis Schenkia australis
Native cherry Exocarpus cupressiformis
Native cranberryPernettya tasmanica Gaultheria tasmanica native to Tasmania
Native cranberryStyphelia sapida Lissanthe sapida
Native cranberryStyphelia humifusa Astroloma humifusum
Native cumquatAtalantia glauca Eremocitrus glauca desert lemon, desert lime
Native currantCoprosma billardieri Coprosma quadrifida
Native currant Leucopogon richei
Native currantMyoporum serratum Myoporum insulare blueberry tree, native juniper
Native daisyBrachycome decipiens Brachyscome decipiens
Native damsonNageia spinulosa Podocarpus spinulosus native plum
Native dandelionPodolepis acuminata Podolepis robusta mountain lettuce
Native daphneMyoporum viscorum Myoporum viscosum dogwood, waterbush
Native date Capparis canescens
Native dealNageia elata Podocarpus elatus
Native elder
Native elderberry
Sambucus xanthocarpa
Sambucus gaudichaudiana
Sambucus australasica
Sambucus gaudichaudiana
white elderberry; edible
Native flax Linum marginale
Native fuchsiaCorrea speciosa Correa reflexa var. speciosa eastern correa
Native fuchsia Eremophila maculata spotted fuchsia-bush
Native furze Hakea ulicina furze hakea
Native ginger Alpinia caerulea Australian ginger; edible
Native grapeVitis hypoglauca Cissus hypoglauca Gippsland grape; edible
Native hickory Acacia leprosa cinnamon wattle
Native holly Coprosma hirtella Tasmania
Native holly Lomatia ilicifolia
Native hops Dodonaea spp.various
Native hops Daviesia latifolia hop bitter-pea
Native hyacinth Thelymitra longifolia
Native indigo Swainsonia spp.
Native indigo Indigofera australis Tasmania
Native ivy Muehlenbeckia adpressa Macquarie Harbour vine
Native jasmine Ricinocarpos pinifolius wedding bush
Native juniperMyoporum serratum Myoporum insulare blueberry tree, native currant
Native kumquatAtalantia glauca Eremocitrus glauca desert lemon, desert lemon
Native laburnumGoodenia lotifolia Goodenia
Native laburnum Cassia marksiana
Native laurel Pittosporum undulatum mock orange
Native laurel Panax elegans light sycamore
Native lavenderStyphelia australis Leucopogon australis spiked beard-heath
Native leek Bulbine bulbosa native onion; poisonous
Native lilac Melia composita not endemic
Native lilac Prostanthera rotundifolia round-leaf mint bush
Native lime Citrus australasica
Citrus australis
finger lime
native orange
Native lucerne Sida rhombifolia Queensland hemp; not endemic
Native mangroveRhizophorea mucronata Rhizophora mucronata
Native mangrove Avicennia officinalis
Native mangrove Acacia longifolia Tasmanian name for Boobialla
Native mignonetteStackhousia linariaefolia Stackhousia monogyna creamy candles
Native millet Panicum decompositum
Native mint Mentha australis river mint, native peppermint
Native mistletoe Loranthus spp.
Native mulberryHedycarya cunninghami Hedycarya angustifolia smooth holly
Native mulberryPipturus propinquus Pipturus argenteus Queensland grasscloth plant
Native mulberryLitsaea ferruginea Litsea spp.pigeonberry tree
Native myrtleMyoporum serratum Myoporum insulare native currant, native juniper, blueberry tree
Native nectarine Owenia acidula emu apple
Native oak Casuarina spp.
Native olive Bursaria spinosa boxthorn, native box
Native onion Bulbine bulbosa native leek; poisonous
Native orange Citrus australis native lime, finger lime
Native orange Capparis mitchellii native pomegranate
Native passionflower Passiflora spp.some are indigenous
Native peach Santalum acuminatum
Elaeocarpus grandis
quandong
Native pearHakea acicularis Hakea sericea bushy needlewood
Native pennyroyalMentha gracilis Mentha satureioides creeping mint
Native pepper Piper novae-hollandiae
Native plantainPlantago varia Plantago spp.
Native plumNageia spinulosa Podocarpus spinulosus native damson
Native pomegranateCapparis nobilis
Capparis mitchelli
Capparis arborea
Capparis canescens
Capparis mitchellii
caper tree
wild orange
native orange
Native potato Gastrodia sesamoides
Native quince Owenia acidula emu apple
Native quincePetalostigma quadriloculare Petalostigma crab-tree, quinine tree
Native raspberry Rubus gunnianus
Rubus rosaefolius
Tasmania
mainland Australia
Native rocket Epacris lanuginosa
Native sandalwoodSantalum persicarium Santalum murrayanum see also Santalum spicatum, Santalum lanceolatum
Native sandalwood Alyxia buxifolia sea box, dysentery bush
Native sarsaparilla Hardenbergia monophylla
Native sassafras Atherosperma moschatum
Native scarlet runnerKennedya prostrata Kennedia prostrata scarlet runner
Native shamrock Lotus australis
Native speedwell Veronica formosa
Native tamarind Diploglottis cunninghamii
Native tobaccoCassinia billardieri Apalochlamys spectabilis showy cassinia, fireweed
Native tobacco Duboisia hopwoodii pituri, pitchery
Native tobacco Nicotiana suaveolens
Native tulip Telopea oreades spp.waratah
Native willow Acacia longifolia
Native yamDioscorideae hastifoliae Dioscorea hastifolia

Notes

  1. As reported in Edward E. Morris (1896). Dictionary of Australian Words.

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References

  1. Edward E. Morris (1896). Dictionary of Australian Words.
  2. "Acaena ovina". Yarra Ranges Council. Retrieved 28 June 2023.